Comparative hard cold soft tall rich mad funny big sad busy noisy Superlative Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct comparative and superlative forms of the following adjectives. Comparative foolish harmful poisonous valuable difficult generous Superlative 70 6 Determiners Determiners are words such as this, those, my, their, which. They are special adjectives that are used before nouns.
The Articles The words a, an and the belong to this group of words called determiners. The words a and an are called indefinite articles. You can use them with singular nouns to talk about any single person or thing. Can you hear a bird singing? This is a picture of an elephant. Rudy is reading a book. Mom bought me a new dress today.
You will need an umbrella when you go out. She eats an apple a day. The article an is usually used before words beginning with vowels. The article a is used before words beginning with consonants. Use the before a noun when you are talking about a certain person or thing.
The telephone is ringing. I think she is under the bed. Tom has won the race. The street is very busy today. The sky is getting dark. You also use the before a noun when there is only one. For example: the sun the moon the sky the front door of my house 72 Demonstrative Determiners The words this, that, these and those are determiners.
They are used to tell which thing or person you mean. These words are called demonstrative determiners, or demonstrative adjectives.
I am keeping these books. I am selling those books. This ice cream is delicious. How much is that racket? What is that animal? Bring me that ball. Would you like these apples? You use this and these to point to people or things near you. You use that and those to point to people or things that are farther from you.
You use this and that before singular nouns. You use these and those before plural nouns. These words are called interrogative determiners or interrrogative adjectives. What size do you wear? What kind of bird is that? What time is it? What color is her hair? What kind of clothes do you like to wear? Which school do you go to? Which doll is your favorite? Which road leads to the zoo? Which runner is the winner? Do you know which girl won the prize?
Use these words before nouns to say who something belongs to. I lent Margaret my guitar. The dentist asked Robert, your handwriting is difficult to read. Michael is showing his tortoise to his friends. My sister lost her way in the city.
The lion is chasing its prey. Here is a table to help you remember the possessive determiners. First person Second person Third person Singular my your his her its 75 Plural our your their their their Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with a, an or the.
Exercise 4 Are the underlined words demonstrative adjectives or demonstrative pronouns? Write DA for demonstrative adjectives or DP for demonstrative pronouns in the blanks. Exercise 6 Choose the correct interrogative adjectives from the box to fill in the blanks.
They tell you what people, animals or things are doing. The sun rises in the east. Uncle Joe wears glasses. Ducks love water. The children go to school by bus. Mary enjoys singing. Peter sometimes lends me his bike. Cows eat grass. Monkeys like bananas. Tom collects stamps. The earth goes around the sun.
It often snows in winter. We always wash our hands before meals. We eat three meals a day. Father takes the dog for a walk every morning. Melanie starts school tomorrow.
Next week I go to summer camp. The train departs in five minutes. We join the senior scout troop in July this year. The new supermarket opens next Friday. The new grammar book comes out in September. Grandad retires next year.
We fly to London next Thursday. The plane lands at P. We move to our new house in a month. My big sister begins her summer job next week. Thomas teaches us science. Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the simple present tense of the verbs in parentheses.
They are the simple present tense of the verb be. Use am with the pronoun I, and is with the pronouns he, she and it. Use are with the pronouns you, we and they. It is a donkey. It is not a horse. It is very hot today.
It is not very comfortable. I am not Paul. She is a teacher. He is my father. He is a doctor. He is not a lawyer. You are a stranger. You are not my friend.
We are in the same class, but we are not on the same team. They are good friends. They are not enemies. The camel is a desert animal. Lambs are baby sheep. Vegetables and fruit are healthy foods. Singular nouns Kenneth is a lawyer. Rex is a clever dog. A duck is a kind of bird. The playground is full of people today. My house is near the school.
These questions are too difficult. The balloons are very colorful. Those people are very busy. Dad and Mom are in the kitchen. There is a castle on the hill. There are some clouds in the sky. There is a fence around the school. There are a lot of books in the library. There are two guards at the gate. Is there any food in the fridge? Are there any apples left on the tree? How much rice is there? There are a few sharks in the bay.
Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with is or are. To talk about actions in the present, or things that are still going on or happening now. I am writing a letter.
Mom is knitting a sweater for Sally. The phone is ringing. They are practicing tai chi. They are still sleeping. They are swimming in the sea. What are they doing? They all end with a consonant such as b, d, g, m, p, t and have only one vowel before the consonant.
To form the present progressive tense, use am, is and are as helping verbs or auxiliary verbs. When are you taking me to the zoo? We are having a barbecue later this evening. We are going camping tomorrow. My favorite TV program is starting in a minute. All our friends are coming. I am visiting Joe next week. Where are you going for your vacation?
What are we eating for dinner? They are also used to talk about things that people do or get, such as illnesses. These words are the simple present tense of the verb have. Peter has a sore knee. We have breakfast at A. He has a lot of stamps. She has long hair. Our house has large windows. I have a younger brother. We have art lessons on Mondays. Have a cookie, if you like. Dad has a cold. Jenny often has sandwiches for lunch. Gr m ar H elp am Use has with he, she, it, and with singular nouns.
Use have with I, you, we, they, and with plural nouns. Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with have or has. Sam has scored two goals. Uncle Tom has lost his wallet. John has gone out. The Lees have moved to Ohio. It has not rained for months. Have you found your keys yet? Tim has made two spelling mistakes. The simple past tense is also used to talk about things that happened in stories.
The wicked Queen gave Snow White a poisoned apple. Dinosaurs lived millions of years ago. I bought a new camera last week. Joe learned to play the guitar very quickly. We drove to the safari park last weekend. The giant panda gave birth to a cub last night. Yesterday Dad took me to the carnival. The plane landed a few minutes ago.
The children visited a farm during the holidays. Who invented the computer? Jack and Jill went up the hill. Little Red Riding Hood decided to visit her grandmother. The Three Bears found Goldilocks asleep in their house. These verbs are called regular verbs. Spelling File Base Form aim bake open happen pull push scold shout visit wait walk work Simple Past aimed baked opened happened pulled pushed scolded shouted visited waited walked worked Who closed all the windows? It snowed last night.
Mom opened the door for us. Sally petted the dog. That event happened long ago. We visited our uncle last week. They walked to school together yesterday.
They worked until twelve last night. Dad tried to fix the light. They all end with a consonant such as b, d, m, n, p, t, and have only a single vowel before the consonant.
Such verbs are called irregular verbs. The simple past tense of some irregular verbs does not change at all. David hurt his foot when he jumped over the drain. The worker cut down the tree this morning. Spelling File Base Form beat burst cost cut hit hurt put read split shut Her ring cost only 10 dollars. He hit the ball over the net.
Dad read to us last night. He shut the door. I put some sugar in my coffee. Spelling File Base Form bend break bring buy fall fly get hear keep lose sell shoot sleep Sam bent the stick in two. Simple Past bent broke brought bought fell flew got heard kept lost sold shot slept Tom shot and scored a goal.
I lost my pen on the bus. We sold our car last week. The baby slept right thought the night. Peter got a watch for his birthday. I heard a noise in the night. He brought his pet mouse to school.
My book fell off the desk. Exercise 1 Write the simple past tense of these verbs on the blanks. Was is the simple past tense of am and is. Use was with the pronouns I, he, she and it, and with singular nouns. Edison was a famous inventor. Beethoven was a German composer. Sue was at the library this morning. It was very wet on Monday. Ten years ago she was only a baby. He was not well yesterday. Were is the simple past tense of are.
Use were with the pronouns you, we and they, and with plural nouns. These were my best jeans. The Romans were brave soldiers. They were third in the wheelbarrow race. Were you still in bed when I phoned? We were on the same school team. Those were my best jeans. Miss May was cleaning the chalkboard. Sally was packing her books into her schoolbag. Jenny and I were tidying the classroom. The twins were fighting in the corner. Michael and John were washing the paint brushes. Mom was cooking our supper when I came home.
They help to form the past progressive tense when you join them to the present participle the form of verbs ending in -ing. For example: Ben was doing his homework. Peter was making a model of a bridge. Exercise 2 When Miss May walked into the class what were the children doing? Fill in the blanks with the correct past progressive tense of the verbs in brackets. Use the verbs shall and will as helping verbs or auxiliary verbs to form the future tense.
I shall be eight years old next year. The weatherman says it will rain this afternoon. They will finish the job next week. We shall play a game of chess after lunch. You will be sick if you eat too much. Sharon is ill.
She will not be at the party. You will enjoy visiting New Zealand. Dad will be back for dinner. He will make lots of friends at his new school. Use will with you, he, she, it and they. You can use going to.
We are going to bake a cake this afternoon. When are you going to clean your room? They are going to wash the car for Dad. It is going to get dark very soon. You can also use the simple present tense to talk about things that have been arranged for the future. The new supermarket opens tomorrow. The bus leaves in ten minutes. James moves to the second grade next year. The new school year starts on Monday.
Next month I go to summer camp. We have a history test next week. Can and could are used with the pronouns I, you, he, she, it, we and they, and with singular or plural nouns.
Could is the past tense of can. He can run faster than Arthur. She cannot afford such an expensive ring. Jack ran as far as he could. Can you help me? Can I come with you? I knew you could do it if you tried.
She could not come because she was ill. Miss Lee said we could go home early. Dumpty together again. People often use can when they are asking for permission to do something. For example: Can I use your pen?
Yes, here it is. May I watch television now? Yes, you may. May I borrow your pen? You may come in. You may go now. If it continues to rain, there may be a flood. Take an umbrella. It may rain. I knew my teacher might find out. You can also use might to talk about things that are possible. For example: Put your purse away or it might get stolen. You might slip, so hold on to the railing.
Use do with the pronouns I, you, we and they, and with plural nouns. Use does with the pronouns he, she and it, and singular nouns. Did is the simple past tense of do and does.
Dad does the dishes. Mom does the cooking. We always do exercise together. He does such interesting work. They do amazing tricks. Did is the simple past tense of do and does. Dad does Mom does the dishes. We always He does such interesting work. They do amazing tricks. Sally did her hair in front of the mirror. They did the dusting and cleaning. Jane did all the laundry by herself. You did well in the test. Who did this drawing? Henry did. I did poorly on my exam. Where did you find Do ducks like water?
Yes, they do. Do you like ice cream? Yes, I do. Does it rain often here? Yes, it does. Does he enjoy music? Yes, he does. Did it snow last night? Who wants to come with me to the zoo? We all do! What do you want for lunch? Who broke this vase? Peter did! Does Ken often come home late? Why did he leave so suddenly?
Does everyone have a dictionary? The baby does not look very happy. Dad did not catch his train. Cats do not like water. Did you see the rainbow? Do not forget to switch off the air conditioner. Use would as the past tense of will. Peter said he would come.
I knew you would enjoy Disneyland. The Prince said he would only marry a true princess. John and Sue said they would meet me at the airport. For example: Would you like a cup of coffee? I am tired now. What color would you like?
For example: Would you like a chocolate? Yes, please, I would love one. Use should to talk about necessary actions or things that people ought to do.
Children should not You should always look play in traffic. If you are tired you should go to bed early. You should know how to spell your own name. We should all drink more water. You should do more exercise. If the subject is a singular noun, or the pronoun he, she or it, you need a singular verb.
She enjoys music. She shares her books with her friends. The zookeeper is feeding the animals. The children are playing on the swings. The earth moves round the sun. Dad always drives to work. The clerk is wrapping a package.
It is snowing. Does everyone know the answer? Mom has bought a dress for Sara. The two girls always All birds lay eggs. The children are playing on the swing. The stars shine brightly on a clear night.
Mom and Dad love us a lot. Do you all know the words? We have finished our game of tennis. They have both worked very hard. If the group members are all acting together as one, use a singular verb.
If the members of the group are acting as individuals, use a plural verb. The audience are laughing. The band is playing. Singular That family has moved to Texas.
The team is coached by Mr. Plural The family were giving their opinions. The team are sharing new ideas. Our team has won. Always use a plural verb with these nouns. For example: People like to be praised. The cattle are in the field. The police have caught the thief. Use the correct form of the simple present tense of the verbs in parentheses. It tells you about an action, or the way something is done. A lot of adverbs end in -ly.
The baby is sleeping soundly. They laughed loudly. The dog is barking fiercely. Spelling File Alice skated beautifully. Adjective Adverb The Prince and the Princess beautiful beautifully lived happily ever after. They are called adverbs of manner. The driver braked suddenly. The parcel arrived safely. The dog jumped up playfully.
Please write legibly. Spelling File Please speak clearly. Adjective Adverb Look closely at these footprints. They are called adverbs of time. Can I do my work later? Paul has just arrived. No, do it now. He often swims in the evening.
Lisa is always cheerful. Sometimes I ride my bike to school. Everyone arrived early. David arrived late. The mother bird started to build her nest yesterday. She is continuing to build it today. She will finish it tomorrow. They fit him this year. They will be too small for him next year. It rained last night. The weather is fine this morning.
They are called adverbs of place. Mom and Dad are watching television upstairs. The children are playing downstairs. Rex, you can stay outside. Please put the books there. The workers are moving the rubbish away. The miners are working underground. They are going abroad to study. There are trees everywhere. Alice lived next door. Some prepositions tell you about position or place.
Dad always keeps his wallet in the drawer. There is a long mirror on the wall. The school is near the park. There is an old castle on the hill. The horse jumped over the hurdle. Many shops close on Sundays. We watched the World Cup game until A. The trees lose their leaves We always wash our during winter. We get up in the morning. We go to bed at night. The movie starts at two in the afternoon. Autumn begins in September. They were married in Joe arrived after me. It has not rained at all for two weeks.
Dad gets home about six in the evening. Kevin and Joe have been in the same class since first grade. Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions from the box. Conjunctions are used to connect words or sentences. Is this a The animal is sheep or a goat? A horse, a zebra or a donkey? They tell when something happens, so they are called conjunctions of time. Maggie could play the piano I always brush my teeth before she was five.
After he began exercising You have grown taller regularly, Jerry became healthier. Look both ways before you cross the street. Joe listened to music while he was doing his homework. Miss Lee was smiling as she walked into the class.
Wait here until I come back. Tran saw an accident while he was walking home. Take all your belongings with you when you leave the plane.
Joe first met his wife when he was studying in London. Tom and Joe have been friends since childhood. Chen have three children. Exercise 2 Choose the correct conjunctions of time from the box to complete these sentences.
Oh dear! Happy Cheers! Oh no! Good luck! Well done! Look out! Merry Christmas! Happy New Year! A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. A sentence must have a subject and a verb, but it may or may not have an object.
Subject Verb Object Sally is making a doll. Wendy and Kim are fighting. The hedgehog curled up. Maggie is reading a book. It is raining. Dad cooked dinner. I am flying a kite. We are eating our breakfast. They are washing the dishes. The old couple have no children. Janet screamed. The children are swimming. Richard is feeding The telephone rang. Everyone sat down. Where are the twins? What is Richard Are you going shopping today? What is your name?
What lovely weather! The silly girl! How stupid I am! Please sit down. Tell me the truth. Come back! Speak up! This use of the verb is called the imperative.
Stand, everyone! Tidy your bedroom immediately! Choose a partner! Eat plenty of vegetables. Find some nice round pebbles. Come back soon! OK, children, open your Take a sandwich. Come and look at this, Tom! Imperatives are a very direct way of telling people to do something. Using do or please before an imperative is more polite.
Do sit down. Do check these figures again. Please help yourselves to some food. For example: Please would you clear the table? Would you please talk quietly? Do you know which are sentences and which are not? Put a checkmark in the space next to sentences, and an X next to other word groups. Chen is a good teacher. The person or thing that receives the action is called the object.
Dad is cooking supper. We have built a sandcastle. Subject Verb Object Susan has bought a painting. Hannah is reading her book. The twins climbed the hill. James stroked the cat. Mom is holding the baby. Jacob is making a kite. They were playing football.
I am writing a story. Emma crossed the street. You have forgotten your umbrella. The direct object receives the action of the verb.
The indirect object tells to whom or for whom the action is done. Madison is making her doll a dress. I am writing Grandma a letter. Grandma is reading Diana a story.
Andrew gave his dog a bone. We left you some food. Joshua is showing us his stamps. Miss Lee found Alice a chair. Then draw a line under the subjects and a circle around the objects. Exercise 2 There are two objects in each sentence. Draw a line under the direct objects and a circle around the indirect objects. Thomas bought them ice cream cones.
A sentence that tells you something is not so is called a negative sentence. Yes No Positive sentence Negative sentence Peter is running. He is not walking. We should tell the truth. We should never tell lies. Everyone is in the garden. There is no one in the house. The fridge is empty. There is nothing in it. It is very cloudy. I have sold the last I have no newspapers left. Someone has eaten There are none in the bag. Use the verbs be, have or do, or any of the helping verbs, to ask yes or no questions.
Can you swim? Are they coming? Is it raining? May I come in? When be and have are used as ordinary verbs, they come before the subjects, too. Statement Question Jim is ill today. Is Jim ill today? She has an older brother Has she an older brother?
The cats want to be fed. Do the cats want to be fed? We should go now. Should we go now? It will rain tomorrow. Will it rain tomorrow? You may use my computer. May I use your computer? Kate can ride a bike. Can Kate ride a bike? User icon An illustration of a person's head and chest. Sign up Log in. Web icon An illustration of a computer application window Wayback Machine Texts icon An illustration of an open book.
Books Video icon An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Video Audio icon An illustration of an audio speaker. Audio Software icon An illustration of a 3. Software Images icon An illustration of two photographs. Images Donate icon An illustration of a heart shape Donate Ellipses icon An illustration of text ellipses.
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